Coming from a behavioral background, I'm a little bit skeptical of the theory of
mind. In the practice of Applied Behavior Analysis, we focus on objectively
observable behavior as well as observable environmental causes of that behavior.
And we do not focus on thoughts or mental processes. It would be contradictory
to a behavior analyst's job to attribute the cause of someone's behavior to a
certain state of mind.
Having said that, there are certain behaviors that
could be considered to be consistent with having a theory of mind. For example,
basic social questions such asking someone "How are you?" or "What do you think
about ___?" are indicative of someone having a theory of mind. And children with
ASD can be taught to ask these questions as well as being taught to
appropriately respond to the questionees answer. After someone acquires and
performs these skills, we still cannot say that they have a theory of mind. We
can only say that they "behave in a way that is consistent with having a theory
of mind."
Overall, I'm reluctant to say that theory of mind should be
considered when as asessing children with ASD. Assessors should focus on the
child'd ability to learn and their ability to perform pivotal skills such as
generalized imitation and receptive and expressive language. When a child has
the appropriate skills, they can be taught to perform the socially significant
behaviors that are products of a theory of mind.
To conclude, I do not think
theory of mind should be rejected altogether. I just think it should be
identified in terms of behavioral charactersitics rather than mentalistic
processes.
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